50 years of research, 200+ papers
In adjusted multivariate models, this association was sustained
Thats why B12 injections are often given as treatment
Low B12 levels are increasingly common, especially in people following vegan or vegetarian diets, those with absorption issues, or individuals experiencing tiredness, low mood, or brain fog
Clinical Applications (Experimental/Off-Label) Tendinopathies (Achilles, rotator cuff, patellar tendon), ligament injuries Muscle tears IBD (Crohns, ulcerative colitis) Leaky gut syndrome NSAID-induced gastric injury Post-operative recovery TBI, stroke (early animal evidence) Long COVID GI/neuro symptoms (theoretical) Note: These are off-label, experimental, based largely on animal studies, small human case studies